Routine Civil Airspace Integration for Increasingly Autonomous Flight

Airspace Integration of Autonomous Flight

As the aviation ecosystem evolves toward higher levels of autonomy, one of the critical challenges facing the industry is enabling routine operations within shared civil airspace. Today’s airspace system was designed around human coordination, and the procedures that govern it reflect that reality. Transitioning to scalable autonomous operations requires a fundamental shift toward digital operations, […]

Understanding AFR: Tactical Conflict Management

Automated Flight Rules

The Urban Air Mobility (UAM) industry is rapidly developing novel passenger-carrying aircraft, but integrating these operations safely into already complex urban airspace poses a significant challenge. Commercial-scale UAM will operate at frequencies comparable to those of operations at major airports. The airspace used by UAM must accommodate a high density of operations, but doing so […]

Understanding AFR: Pre-Tactical Conflict Management

Automated Flight Rules (AFR)

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) offers a vision of efficient, on-demand air transportation that avoids ground traffic and congestion. But achieving commercial-scale UAM faces a significant challenge: current airspace management approaches weren’t designed for the high-frequency, low-altitude operations that UAM requires. The airspace used by UAM must accommodate a high density of operations, but doing so […]

Understanding AFR: Strategic Conflict Management

Automated Flight Rules

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) promises efficient, on-demand transportation that bypasses congested ground infrastructure. But there’s a fundamental problem: the existing airspace system may not scale well to meet UAM’s operational demands. SkyGrid and Wisk’s new white paper, Enabling Scalable Urban Air Mobility Through Automated Flight Rules, focuses on how Automated Flight Rules (AFR) can support […]

AFR ConOps: How Automated Flight Rules Will Transform Aviation

Concept of Operations for Automated Flight Rules

Modern aviation has operated under two main modes for nearly a century: Visual Flight Rules (VFR) and Instrument Flight Rules (IFR). While these modes have enabled aviation’s safe growth, they weren’t designed to accommodate highly automated aircraft with advanced capabilities like detect-and-avoid systems and advanced mission management automation. Automated Flight Rules (AFR) are designed to […]